The Incremental Cost of the Wars in Ukraine and Gaza

The world remains focused on the wars in Ukraine and Gaza and the Iran-Israel confrontation. The former defines relations between Russia and the West and unfortunately, there is no path yet for a negotiated solution. The latter two are more of a challenge for the US, with Russia and China watching on the sidelines. How the Gaza conflict would evolve is likely to impact Washington’s standing in the world. In brief, these are not great times for global powers to stand up together against other global threats such as ISIS, a radical group that has proved its outreach on numerous occasions.

Two dates, “9/11”, and “22/3” are abbreviations for not only for two major acts of ISIS terrorism, but also for the grief over loss of life, shock, anger, and disappointment felt in the US and Russia. “Disappointment” because in both cases, the mainstream perception was that the two people were enjoying reasonable levels of security at home.

On 9/11, the US was uncontestably the world’s leading power. Russia of March 2024, on the other hand, is at war not only with Ukraine but also with the West, thus somehow distracted but still a major power. Thousands of Russians who had gone to the Crocus City Hall concert complex on that fateful day could not imagine that they would witness such a tragedy. Understandably, France has scaled down the Paris 2024 Olympic Games opening ceremony which will take place in July on the River Seine, amid concerns over the possibility of an Islamist terror attack.

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and the Federal Security Service (FSB) are world-known intelligence organizations. But they both failed against ISIS essentially for two reasons. Firstly, the record shows that when such radical groups believe that they “have a cause” and decide to act, they find a way. The death of a few suicide attackers hardly matters. Secondly, conflicts have taken over cooperation. Particularly in the case of the Moscow attack, whatever international cooperation existed before, had given way to increasingly hostile competition limiting the exchange of information and consultation not only among major powers, but others as well, thus creating new opportunities for ISIS, and its offshoots like ISIS-K.

Following the Moscow attack, many US officials, among them US National Security Council Coordinator for Strategic Communications John Kirby, have repeatedly stated that Washington provided several advance warnings to Russian authorities of extremist attacks on concerts and large gatherings in Moscow, including in writing on 7 March. It was reported that when it informed Russia privately about the potential terror plot, the CIA was adhering to 2015 guidance known as “duty to warn” directives, requiring the intelligence establishment to inform “US and non-US persons” of specific threats aimed at “intentional killing, serious bodily injury, and kidnapping.” But Russian authorities, while admitting that the attack was committed by radical Islamists, have so far insisted, not unexpectedly, on Ukrainian involvement.

Making the most of the conditions that encouraged its emergence in Iraq, by mid-2014, ISIS was in control of an area stretching from Aleppo in Syria to Diyala in Iraq. It was only after major military operations that included hundreds and hundreds of strikes in Iraq and Syria by the US that Iraq was able to declare victory over the group in December 2017 at a great cost to its people. But as the Moscow attack has shown ISIS is far from becoming history.

The principal tools Islamic countries can use against ISIS’s perverse ideology are democracy, economic progress, and fair distribution of income. Unfortunately, only a few Islamic countries are at best quasi-democracies. On the latter two, they have a long way to go. Together with the West’s interventionist policies and double standards, these shortcomings provide ISIS with fertile ground.

On April 19, the G7 Foreign Ministers published a communique at the end of their meeting in Bari. On Gaza they said, “We condemn in the strongest terms the brutal terrorist attacks conducted by Hamas and other terrorist groups against Israel that began on October 7, 2023… We deplore all losses of civilian lives… including thousands of women, children…”

Since the picture is unlikely to change anytime soon, the only option that remains is international cooperation focused on ISIS and its offshoots. The wars in Ukraine and Gaza top the world’s agenda today, but they should not be an obstacle to such cooperation. Otherwise, the world will continue to witness new tragedies. The ISIS threat no longer allows for a “The enemy of my enemy is my friend” kind of thinking. Fighting ISIS in the Middle East requires cooperation not only with Baghdad but also with Damascus. Since Western countries have for decades enjoyed cozy relations with authoritarian regimes in their orbit, Syria’s lack of democracy should not be an obstacle to joining hands against ISIS. Before the “remaking of the Middle East” project was launched, Iraq and Syria, now a shadow of their former selves, were governed by secular regimes by Middle Eastern standards and radical Islamist groups had absolutely no chance of emerging as global terrorist threats.